Grundlagen (43 Artikel)

In recent years, entropy has been used as a measure of the degree of chaos in dynamical systems. Thus, it is important to study entropy in nonlinear systems. Moreover, there has been increasing int...

Mathematical optimization is the selection of the best element in a set with respect to a given criterion. Optimization has become one of the most-used tools in modern control theory for computing ...

The intent of this Special Issue is to provide a framework with which scientists in several different disciplines, related to phase-contrast and dark-field imaging, can illustrate their ideas and r...

Following the classical work of Norbert Wiener, Ross Ashby, Ludwig von Bertalanffy and many others, the concept of System has been elaborated in different disciplinary fields, allowing interdiscipl...

The spectra of ionized atoms continue to play an important role in understanding a wide variety of plasmas. The relatively new discipline of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is being use...

The aim of this special issue is to publish original research papers that cover recent advances in the theory and application of stochastic processes. There is especial focus on applications of sto...

Symmetry is found everywhere, to a greater or lesser degree. It is essential in all sciences and also as the basic substrate in all arts. The same happens with Complex Networks, which are the major...

This book contains the successful invited submissions to a Special Issue of Symmetry on the subject of "Graph Theory". Although symmetry has always played an important role in Graph Theory, in rece...

Prototypical quantum optics models, such as the Jaynes-Cummings, Rabi, Tavis-Cummings, and Dicke models, are commonly analyzed with diverse techniques, including analytical exact solutions, mean-fi...

This book is a result of the contributions of scientists involved in a Special Issue entitled "The Craft of Fractional Modelling in Science and Engineering" published by the journal Fractal and Fra...

Following the tremendous reception of our first volume on topological groups called "Topological Groups: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow", we now present our second volume. Like the first volume, th...

Statistical relationships among the variables of a complex system reveal a lot about its physical behavior. Therefore, identification of the relevant variables and characterization of their interac...

Häufige Fragen und ehrliche Antworten