Reinventing the Package Holiday Business

1. Introduction.- 1.1 Main Hypothesis and Objectives.- 1.2 Organisation of Thesis.- 1.3 The Travel and Tourism Industry.- 1.4 The Holiday Business and the Distribution Chain for Holidays.- 1.5 The Package Holiday Business and Outgoing Tourism.- 1.6 New ICTs in the Travel and Tourism Industry and Tour Operator Systems.- 2. Related Literature.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Literature on New ICTs in the Travel and Tourism Industry.- 2.3 Institutions and Organisations.- 2.4 The Study of New ICTs and Inter-Organisational Relationships.- 2.5 Klein's Research Framework.- 3. Theoretical Framework.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 A Discussion of Positioning Models.- 3.3 Levels of Analysis and a Strategic Positioning Model for Tour Operators.- 3.4 Application of the Theoretical Framework.- 3.5 An Extended Theoretical Framework.- 4. Methodology.- 4.1 Introduction to the Scientific Enquiry.- 4.2 Philosophies of Science.- 4.3 Methodological Approaches and Methods.- 4.4 Theoretical Framework.- 4.5 The Structure of the Tour Operator Business in Britain and Germany.- 4.6 Sampling and Survey Methods.- 5. Reasons for the Development of New System Strategies.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Level 5 Impacts.- 5.3 Level 4 Impacts.- 5.4 Level 3 Impacts.- 5.5 Level 2 Impacts.- 5.6 Level 1 Impacts.- 6. New System Strategies of Tour Operators.- 6.1 Introduction and Summary.- 6.2 Level 1 System Strategies: New Tour Operator Systems.- 6.3 Level 2 System Strategies: Corporate Tour Operator Networks.- 6.4 Level 3 System Strategies: Technology Initiatives.- 6.5 Level 4 System Strategies: The Linking of Systems within the Package Holiday Sector.- 6.6 Level 5 System Strategies: The Linking of Systems within the Industry.- 7. Consequences of the New System Strategies for the Structure of the Package Holiday Business.- 7.1Introduction.- 7.2 Level 1 Consequences.- 7.3 Level 2 Consequences.- 7.4 Level 3 Consequences.- 7.5 Level 4 Consequences.- 7.6 LevelS Consequences.- 8. Research Conclusions and Recommendations for Further Research.- 8.1 Research Summary and Conclusions.- 8.2 Recommendations for Further Research into the Package Holiday Business.- 8.3 Implications of the Theoretical Framework for the Study of Other Sectors and Industries.- 8.4 Final Comments.- Appendices.- Appendix I. Consumer Systems for Travel and Tourism Information and/or Reservations and Bookings in Britain and Germany.- Appendix 2. SITA and the Four Global Distribution Systems (GDSs).- Appendix 3. National Travel and Tourism Reservation Systems in Britain and Germany.- Appendix 4. IOSs in the Travel and Tourism Industry.- Appendix 5. Notes on the Empirical Survey.- Appendix 6. English Interview Structure.- Appendix 7. German Interview Structure.- Appendix 8. Major Tour Operator Associations in Britain and Germany.- Appendix 9. Main Tour Operators in Britain.- Appendix 10. Main Tour Operators in Germany.- Appendix 11. Business Travel Agent Sector.- Appendix 12. Additional Travel and Tourism Data.